There are different types of banks in India and a bank is a financial institution that is licensed to accept deposits and lending loans. Bank provide various financial services such as currency exchange, wealth management, and safe deposit boxes. In India, modern banking originated in the last decade of the 18th century. The first bank named as the Bank of Hindustan was established in 1770 and it was liquidated between 1829-32. The oldest and the largest bank, the state bank of India is still in existence. Since 1960, the supreme control of eight associate banks has vested with SBI (State Bank of India). There are 14 private sector banks that were nationalised by the government of India in 1969, six more banks were nationalised in 1980. The majority lenders of Indian economy are nationalized banks.
There are lakhs of candidates who aim to crack bank exams. They should have clear knowledge regarding types of bank and their role in regulating Indian economy. While preparing for bank exams, candidates can approach a majestic institute that can provide Best Coaching for Bank PO in Delhi.
Here is a list of types of banks in India:
-
Commercial banks
Commercial bank are established under the Banking Companies Act, 1956. Their primary objective is profit earning while operating on a commercial basis. Commercial banks are not allowed to charge any concessional interest rate unless permitted by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). These banks source funds from deposits of the general public.
There are three categories of commercial banks:
- Private sector banks: These banks are owned and managed by private individuals or organizations or groups of people. Private bank recruit employees on the basis of qualification and personal interviews.
- Public sector banks: The bank that are regulated by government authorities are known as public sector banks. These banks recruit employees to various designations on the basis of qualification of exams. Those who want to become probationary officers should prepare for the Bank PO exam. If they need extra nourishment while preparing for exam then they can join a reputed institute that can provide the Best Bank PO coaching in Delhi.
- Foreign banks: These banks have branches in India and headquarters in foreign countries.
-
Central bank
The central bank or apex bank is RBI (Reserve bank of India). This bank regulates the operations of other banks of India. The functions of the apex bank are mentioned hereunder:
- Issuing currency
- Supervising financial system
- Guiding other bank
- Implementing the monetary policies.
The Reserve Bank of India is also known as the banker’s bank as it assists other bank of the nation and controls the financial system of the country, under government’s supervision.
-
Specialized banks
Banks established for specific purposes are named as specialized bank. These are:
- NABARD(National Bank for Agriculture and Rural development) : These banks provide financial help for village, handicraft, rural and agricultural development.
- SIDBI( Small Industries Development Bank of India): This bank provides loans for a small scale business or industry. SIDBI finances small scale industries with modern technology and equipment.
- EXIM(Export and Import) bank: It provides financial assistance and loans for importing and exporting goods by foreign countries.
-
(RRBs) Regional rural banks
These banks are registered under a Regional Rural Bank Act, 1976. RRBs are joint ventures between commercial bank (35%), Central government (50%) and state government(15%). There are around 196 Regional Rural Bank established between 1987-2005. RRB is not allowed to open its branch in more than three geographically connected districts.
-
Small Finance bank
These banks provide financial assistance and loans to small farmers, micro-industry, and unorganized sector of the society. The Central bank of India governs the Small Finance bank of the country. Some small finance bank are: Utkarsh small finance bank, Jana small finance bank, Capital small finance bank, AU small finance bank etc.
Youngsters these days aim to become probationary officers in public bank as it provides a lucrative vocation. To accomplish this aim, they need to crack the Bank PO exam. In case anyone needs proper assistance while studying, they can approach a reliable institute that can give the Best Bank PO coaching in Delhi.
-
Cooperative Bank
The cooperative bank are established under the State government’s act. The primary objective of these bank is to promote social welfare by providing concessional loans. Their structure is organized in three tiers:
Tier-1: State level, it includes state cooperative bank regulated by RBI, NABARD, and state government.
Tier-2: District/Central Cooperative bank.
Tier-3: Primary Agriculture Cooperative bank.
-
Payments Bank
The Reserve Bank of India Conceptualized the payments bank. People can deposit cash up to a limit of Rs 1,00,000 and cannot apply for credit cards, loans under this account. Options for mobile banking, the issue of ATM, online banking, and debit card can be done through payment’s bank. Some payment bank of the country is Jio payments bank, Airtel payments bank, Paytm payments bank, India Post Payments bank, etc.
Those who want to join Public sector bank should prepare for bank exams. In case they need extra conditioning they can join a leading institute that can provide Top Bank Coaching in Delhi.
Conclusion
The aforementioned is the list of types of banks in India. These bank are responsible for regulating the economy of India. Individuals willing to pursue careers in bank jobs should have knowledge regarding different categories of banks. If they aim to get a job in public sector bank then clearing a bank exam is the first step. Are you preparing for the Bank PO exam? If yes, join a renowned institute that can provide the Best Bank PO coaching in Delhi.
